2026-06-22

Perbandingan bateri litium dan forklift tradisional: perbezaan kos model BYD dalam senario penyimpanan sejuk.

Perbandingan bateri litium dan forklift tradisional: perbezaan kos model BYD dalam senario penyimpanan sejuk.(Rajah1)

Penyimpanan sejuk tergolong dalam senario operasi tertutup suhu rendah, dan mempunyai keperluan yang tinggi untuk rintangan suhu rendah, ketahanan bateri dan perlindungan alam sekitar forklift. Kos pembelian dan operasi forklift juga merupakan bahagian penting dalam kos penyimpanan rantai sejuk, dan pemilihan kategori forklift yang munasabah dapat mengurangkan perbelanjaan operasi dengan berkesan.

Perbezaan kos semasa fasa pemerolehan

Kos pembelian forklift tradisional

Dalam pasaran semasa, ambang pembelian untuk forklift berkuasa bahan api dan asid plumbum tradisional adalah rendah, dan pelaburan pembelian awal secara amnya lebih rendah. Untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan keperluan operasi penyimpanan sejuk, pemasangan tambahan komponen yang disesuaikan seperti perlindungan suhu rendah dan rawatan gas ekzos akan menghasilkan perbelanjaan tambahan tertentu dan meningkatkan kos pelaburan awal.

Kos pembelian forklift litium

Pelaburan pembelian awal forklift litium agak tinggi, tetapi forklift litium yang sesuai untuk persekitaran suhu rendah biasanya dilengkapi dengan modul bateri tahan suhu rendah, tidak perlu menambah terlalu banyak komponen penyesuaian storan sejuk, kurang pelaburan tambahan, dan jumlah pelaburan awal adalah dalam julat yang munasabah.

Perbezaan kos semasa fasa operasi

Perbezaan kos penggunaan tenaga

Kos penggunaan tenaga bagi setiap unit masa operasi trak forklift bahan api tradisional biasanya 3 hingga 4 kali ganda daripada trak forklift litium, trak forklift asid plumbum boleh kehilangan lebih daripada 30% kapasiti bateri dalam persekitaran suhu rendah, kecekapan pengecasan adalah rendah, kekerapan penambahan tenaga adalah tinggi, dan kos penggunaan tenaga bagi setiap unit kerja juga kira-kira 2 kali ganda berbanding trak forklift litium.

Perbezaan kos penyelenggaraan

Forklift bahan api tradisional memerlukan penggantian minyak dan tiga penapis dengan kerap, dan kekerapan penyelenggaraan adalah tinggi. Kos penyelenggaraan tahunan adalah kira-kira 8% hingga 10% daripada harga pembelian kenderaan. Forklift asid plumbum perlu ditambah dengan elektrolit dengan kerap, kehilangan plat adalah pantas, dan keseluruhan set bateri perlu diganti dalam masa 2 hingga 3 tahun, dan perbelanjaan tambahan adalah tinggi. Forklift litium hampir tidak mempunyai komponen haus dan lusuh. Kos penyelenggaraan tahunan adalah kurang daripada 2% daripada harga pembelian kenderaan. Hayat bateri boleh mencapai 8 hingga 10 tahun. Pada asasnya tiada kos penggantian yang besar dalam keseluruhan kitaran hayat perkhidmatan.

Kos terhakis kecekapan kerja

Forklift asid plumbum tradisional mempunyai kelajuan nyahcas yang cepat pada suhu rendah, memerlukan kerap masuk dan keluar dari storan sejuk untuk menukar kuasa dan mengecas. Satu pertukaran kuasa mengambil masa kira-kira 20 minit, dan masa operasi harian sekurang-kurangnya 1 hingga 2 jam ditangguhkan. Pelepasan ekzos forklift bahan api tidak memenuhi keperluan persekitaran tertutup penyimpanan sejuk. Ia memerlukan pengudaraan tetap untuk menghilangkan bau dan juga mengurangkan kecekapan operasi. Rintangan suhu rendah trak forklift litium adalah stabil. Satu pengecasan boleh menyokong operasi berterusan selama 8 hingga 10 jam. Ia boleh menyokong penambahan tenaga cas pantas. Tambahan tenaga boleh memenuhi keperluan operasi setengah hari selama 1 jam semasa waktu rehat makan tengah hari. Kos buruh bagi setiap unit kerja adalah lebih rendah tanpa pertukaran kuasa tambahan.

Perakaunan kos kitaran hayat penuh

Dari perspektif kitaran hayat 3 hingga 5 tahun, jumlah kos penggunaan forklift litium akan lebih rendah daripada forklift tradisional. Semakin lama kitaran hayat, semakin jelas kelebihan kos, dan sesuai untuk keperluan operasi jangka panjang storan sejuk bersaiz sederhana dan besar.

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